The Symbol of Cats in Japanese Literature: From Folklore to the Absurd Novel “I am a Cat” by Natsume Soseki

Abstract

In this study, we will explore the connection between Japanese culture and the symbol of the cat, starting from the earliest folkloric legends, to continue with the inclusion of this symbol in modern Japanese literature, more specifically in an iconic novel of its kind, such as Natsume Soseki's "I Am a Cat". In Japan, cats are revered for giving good luck and other positive results. The popular Japanese cat figurine maneki-neko (beckoning cat) is typically believed to bring such blessings. The figurine is often of a cat with its paw in an upright position as if beckoning. The best known maneki neko legend is believed to date from the 17th century. Under the influence of folklore legends, the figure of the cat, with all its symbolic meanings, is widely encountered in Japanese literature as well. The most representative work in this regard is the novel "I am a cat", written more than a century ago, during the Meiji era, by Natsume Soseki. We will observe how in this book; the cat appears as a philosophical narrator, how wisdom is represented through a pet, and also analyse the paradox of the normality of animals and the absurdity of humans. By using the biographical method, we will also analyse how Soseki has split himself into the two main characters of the book, Professor Kushami and the cat.

Received: 5 January 2025 / Accepted: 17 March 2025 / Published: 25 March 2025